Reginald stanley



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 1. R. STANLEY. TUNNELING 0R MINING MACHINE. No. 476,836.

Patented June 14, 1892.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

R. STANLEY. TUNNELING OR MINING MACHINE. No. 476,836. Patented June 14,189.2.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

REGINALD STANLEY, OF NUNEATON, ENGLAND.

TUNNELING OR MINING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,836, dated June 14,1892. Application filed May 3, 1891. Serial No. 383,645- (No model.)Patented in England Ma c 6, 99

To a whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, REGINALD STANLEY, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain and Ireland, residing at Nuneaton, in the county of VVarWick,England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tunnelingor Mining Machines, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for boring tunnels,such as are used in the excavating of rock, mining coal, &c., and waspatented in England March 6, 1890, No. 3,595. As shown, the parts areparticularly well adapted for coal-mining.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying myimprovements. Fig.2 is atop plan View. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation. Fig. 4 is a partialsectional view on the line as a; of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a front view ofthe machine, showing the shield. Fig. 6 is a side view of a modifiedform of machine. Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 8 is an endview. Fig. 9 isa section on line :0 00', Fig. 6. Fig. 10 is a section online y 3 Fig. 6. Fig. 11 is a top view of the devices at the bottom ofthe machine for preventing it from moving backward. Fig. 12 is a view ofthe same with the outer bar removed. Fig. 13 is a section on line 2 .2,Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is an edge view of one of the fasteners. Fig. 15 is afront view of the cutting apparatus.

There are some of the features of the present machine which may be usedin connection with machines of other sorts. Thus I have illustrateddevices for forming an annular cut; but the gearing, shafting, and otherpower-transmitting devices, as well as those for converting the power,can be used in pro ducing cuts of other sorts.

B B are radial arms carrying forward-projecting cutter-arms B B andsecured to a rotating screw-threaded shaft 0, all now well known.

In addition to the annular cutter-arms B I provide other cutter-armsA A,in order to remove part of the core left thereby. The radial arms B Bhave apertures at intervals in their faces, in which the tongues of theauxiliary cutters are secured by bolts or otherwise. In the drawings buttwo auxiliary cut tcrarms are shown; but it is obvious that as many asdesired may be used, so as to cut away the whole face of the material.As shown, the said arms A A are wider at their front ends and have atapered nose or proj ection, which cleans away the slack in front of thecutters B It will be seen that these cutter-armsmay be readily detachedand secured at any distance from the center of the radial arms B B, asthe nature of the material may require, or they may be left offentirely. WVhile I have shown and described these adjustablecutter-arms, I do not herein claim them, as they are shown and describedin my pending application, Serial No. 298,690, filed July 7, 1891.

A frame is provided having the vertical standards o a, preferablymade ofangle-irons, bottom girts a and top girts a This frame is mounted uponwheels A A of the central longitudinal plan of the machine. At the topit is provided with one or more screw-jacks A, preferably with one ateach end. The machine is prevented from yielding backward by means ofthe hinged brace N, adapted to engage with the floor of the mine.

I provide in the present construction for an additional bracing of themachine, this being accomplished by wedge-like bars V. These can bedriven by a hammer or similar instrument tightly into the floor and roofand be then clamped in place by means of lockingwedges V They aresupported between one of the longitudinal bottom frame-bars a and asupplemental outside bar held thereto by bolts w. The catch-bars V arepointed or chisel'shaped, as shown in Fig. 12, so as to readily engagewith the floor or roof, and the clamp V binds the part V tightly betweentwo blocks or plates 10 w, held in place by the said contiguous bolts 10to. As a further bracing of the machine, as it is desirable to keep thecable by which power is applied quite taut, I provide arms or sprags XX, hinged to a sleeve Y on the screw-shaft of the machine. The spragsare forced apart into holes cut in the tunnel by means oftelescope-screws X X, swiveled to the said sprags and carrying wheels Xby means of which the said screws are elongated and contracted. Thesleeve Y slides loosely on the anism.

central shaft and when the machine is making a cut abuts against therear of the machine. Through the sleeve from side to side is an apertureor slot Y, into which may be slid a plate Y which is shown in Fig. 1 ashanging by a chain to the sleeve. When a cut has been made and the shafthas been moved forward its lengththatis to say, until the end of theshaft has j nst passed the slot Y in the sleeve-the plate Y is slid intothe said slot and prevents the shaft from being pushed back in theheading or tunnel while the machine is being advanced.

As shown in Fig. 5, hinged shields Z may be used to keep the rock anddirt from falling on the machine and operatives. These shields may bemade of sheet metal and are forced out against the roof of the tunnel byside stays as m, the points of which penetrate through holes in theshields and shoulder against them. These shields not only protect themachine, but also when the sides of the heading are broken andirregular, as is sometimes the case, through the practically uniformpressure they exert the machine is kept upright and steady.

Lateral braces and guides for the central part of the machine are shownat 00 x these comprising pivoted vertical frames having bottom bars aand top bars a, hinged to the main frame, and holding-links :0 forlocking the swinging parts in place. At the outer ends of these framesthere are rollers 90 arranged to bear against the vertical walls of thetunnel, so that the machine can be held firmly upright and at the sametime be moved forward or backward without serious resistance.

Additional braces to keep the machine upright may be used. In Fig. 3they are shown as being comprised of the rigid grooved plates y y,sliding parts y y, fitting in said grooves, and ribbed wheels zfiyfi,mounted on said sliding parts, the said wheels bearing against the sidewalls of the heading or tunnel. The wheels are adjusted in relation tothe machine by means of screws 31 which are provided with right and lefthand threads.

Power is applied to the machine as follows: Z is a rope or cable, hichextends outward along the tunnel or heading to any point suitable i'orapplying motion and power. It is passed several times around a groovedwheel W and extends thence to the point whence the power is applied. Thewheel \V is mounted on one end of a shaft F, which is mounted insuitable bearings in the sides of the machine and has on the other end abevel-wheel D which actuates both the cutter-driving and the advancingmechanism.

I will first describe the cutter-driving mech- On one end of a shaft E,mounted in bearings at the side of the machine, is a bevelwheel Dmeshing with the said bevel-wheel D and 011 the other end is looselymounted a pinion D, which meshes with a wheel D, having a spline orfeather which engages with a groove in central shaft 0. At D is a clutchmechanism for connecting and disconnecting the pinion D to the shaft E.WVhen a out has been made, the frame is advanced as follows: The pin 0is withdrawn from wheel E and the supporting-plate, thereby unloosingsaid wheel from its stationary position. Then the nut-wheel, beingthereby unlooscd, is driven by a pinion E rigid on one end of a shaft Ewhich carries at its other end a pinion E. Meshing with the pinion andactuating it is a wheel E which is loose on a shaft E, mounted on theside of the machine and carrying on one end a bevel-wheel E which isdriven by the bevel-wheel D on the powershaft. A clutch mechanism isshown at D for connecting and disconnecting wheel E to and from shaft E.The clutches D D are shifted by levers F F respectively, said leversbeing pivoted to the side bar a of the machine and also to the bar Fwhich is moved forward and backward by means of L-shaped handles F F Itwill be seen that by the same movement of bar F wheel D and shaft E areconnected and wheel E and shaft E are disconnected, and vice versa, whenthe bar F is moved backward.

\Vhen the machine has been secured in the tunnel by means of the bracesand stays, the nut-wheel E is locked relatively to the frame byinserting pin 0' through an aperture in wheel E into the supportingcross-plate, and the clutch-levers are moved forward, and power isapplied to the wheel D in the way just described, whereupon the centralshaft U is caused to rotate and advance. After a cut has been made thenut-wheel E isreleased, (the plate Y being in place in the slot Y,)power is applied to the wheel E and the frame is advanced.

In Figs. 6 to 10 a modified form of machine is shown possessing the samegeneral principles of construction and arrangement. In this constructionthe machine is provided with a jack-screw A directly over the center andadapted to bear downward through a frame secured to the top of themachine. Referring to Fig. 6,it will be seen that the cable Z firstpasses under a guide-pulley V, then one or more times around a groovedWheel WV, and thence again under the wheelVand back or out to the sourceof power. The wheel V is supported in a frame, which can be verticallyadjusted, so as to regulate the tension of the cable immediatelyadjacent to the power-wheel W. The latter is secured to a shaft F,which, by means of a pinion D rotates a wheel D and a shaft D whichcarries it. The shaft D has a bevel-wheel D whiehengages with a secondbevel-Wheel D upon shaft E. The latter has a pinion D engaging with themain wheel D, by which the cutter-shaft O is rotated. Shaft C isgrooved, and with it engages a spline or feather in wheel D. It will bereadily seen that the gearing thus arranged is compact and simple.

It Will be understood that a frame-advancing mechanism may be used onthis machine, although I have shown only the gearing necessary fordriving the cutters. When a out has been made, the whole machine may bemoved forward by hand-power; but I have found it often preferable to usea mechanism, as shown in Fig. 1.

There are many circumstances under which it is desirable to use power ofthe sort herein provided for, as there are many collieries where it iseither not practicable or is too expensive to provide steam-power orcompressed air, and yet wherein use can be made of horses in such way asto provide the power necessary for operating the cutting-machine.

I am aware that drills have been used in which vertically slidingloosely supported stays have been utilized for fastening purposes andthat there have been numerous Ways devised for locking the same; but insuch drills the stays are necessarily the vertical supports, and whenthey are removed the machine cannot be used. In some cases these stayshave been driven into the roof and floor of the heading, and nuts,handwheels, or set-screws have been used to lock them, and in othercases locks, each consisting of a lever and dog and rack, have beenused, and 1 do not wish to be understood as claiming such devices. Mystays differ greatly from these. In the first place, the machine issupported independently of the said stays, and, secondly, only one maybe used or a dozen may be driven in if one is not enough to stand 'thestrain. The stay is driven with a hammer as far into the floor or roofas de: sired, and then with a few blows of the hammer the Wedge isinserted, tightly clamping the stays in place.

I do not herein claim any of the subjects matter set forth in the claimsof my other applications, Serial N 0. 347,238, filed April 9, 1800;Serial No. 364,060, filed September 5, 1890; Serial No. 389,690, filedJuly 7, 1891, and Serial Nos. 414,708 and il4,709, filed J anuary 22,1892, wherein are shown machines of this general class.

What I claim is- 1. In a tunnelingunachine, the combination of the mainframe, the relatively-advancing cutting mechanism mounted on said mainframe, cutter-driving gearing,,the frame-advancing gearing, atransverselyarranged power-shaft engaging with both said gearings, arope'wheel on said shaft, and clutch devices for alternately connectingand disconnecting the' two gearings and the said transversely-arrangedpower-shaft, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the main frame, the cutting apparatus, therope-wheel rotating in one direction only, the cutter-driving gearing,and the frame-advancing gearing, said cutter-drivin g gearingandframe-advancing gearing being actuated alternately, of the clutchdevices for simultaneously engaging and disengaging thecontinuously-revolving rope-wheel with said gearin gs alternately,substantially as described.

3. The combination of the main frame, the relatively-ad vancin g ontter-drivin g shaft, the transversely-arranged power-shaft, theropewheel for imparting motion thereto, two longitudinally arrangedcontinuously moving shafts geared to said power-shaft, gearing connectedto one of said two shafts for drivin g the cutters, gearing connected tothe other of said shafts for advancing the main frame, and clutchdevices for alternately connecting and disconnecting the saidcontinuouslymoving shafts and the said gearings, respectively,substantially as set forth.

4. In a tunneling-machine, an upright centrally-arranged main frame, atunnel-formin g cutter, a longitudinally-moving cutter-carrying shaft, atransverse initial power-shaft, cutter rotating gearing, frame advancinggearing, a longitudinally moving clutch for alternately engaging saidgearings With said power-shaft, and the clutch-shifter forsimultaneously connecting one of said gearing and disconnecting theother, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of the cutting apparatus, the main frame, the wheelsor supports for the main frame, the guides on the main frame, a seriesof stays independent of the supports and adapted to be driven endwiseinto the roof or floor of the mine, and locks for clamping the staystightly in place, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the main frame, the cutting apparatusprojecting from said frame, and the wheels or supports for said frame,of the wedge bars or stays V, independent of said frame-supports,adapted to be driven into the floor, and the wedges for clamping theparts V tightly against the machine, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of the main frame, the supporting-Wheels arranged inthe central vertical longitudinal plane, the cutting apparatus extendingforward from the frame, the hinged bracing-frames projecting laterallyfrom the main frame, rollers on the ends of said frames-and the lockinglinks or bars for said swinging frames, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of the main frame, the rotary cutter-shaft mounted onsaid frame, the rope-wheel at the side of said frame, the shaft for saidwheel extending across the frame, the swinging brace-frames extendinglaterally from .the main frame, the lateral braces for the upper portionof the frame, and the series of adjustable wedges or relativelysharp.bars V, adapted to be driven downward into the floor, substantially asset forth.

9. The combination of the main frame, the cutting apparatus, the movableabutment against which said main frame and cutting apparatus bear,sprags hinged to said abut ment, and an extensible bar connecting saidsprags independently of said abutment, substantially as set forth.

10. In a mining-machine, the combination, with the main frame and thelongitudinallyarranged threaded shaft carrying the cutting apparatus, ofa sleeve or abutment behind said frame and loosely sliding on saidthreaded shaft, sprags hinged to said sleeve or abutment, and anextensible bar connecting said sprags independently of the abutment,substantially as set forth.

11. The combination of the main frame, the cutting apparatus, thecutter-driving gearing mounted in the main frame, the nut secured to themain frame,and the abutment bearing against the frame and supportedindependently of the nut and the frame, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination of the main frame, the cutters, the nut secured tothe frame, the threaded shaft engaging with the nut, and the abutmentsurrounding the shaft loosely in the rear of the nut and supportedindependentlyof the frame and bearing against it when the cutters are atwork, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination of the main frame, the cutting apparatus, thecutter-driving gearing supported on the main frame, a feed mechanism forthe cutters, and an abutment supported independently of the frame andthe feeding mechanism and behind and bearing against the frame when thecutters are at work, substantially as set forth.

14;. The combination,with the main frame, the cutting apparatusadvancing relatively thereto, the cutter-driving gearing mountedthereon, and means for fastening the frame to the surrounding walls, ofthe abutment supported independently of the main frame and bearin gagainst it when the cutting apparatus is advancing, substantially as setforth.

15. The combination of the frame, the cutters advancing relatively tothe frame, means for fastening the frame to the surrounding walls, thethreaded shaft, the nut, and the abutment in rear of the machine,adapted to receive alternately the thrust of the cutters and the thrustof the frame, substantially as set forth.

16. The combination of the frame, the cutters advancing relatively tothe frame, means for fastening the frame to the surrounding walls, theabutment engaged with the surrounding Walls, the nut, and thescrew-shaft secured to the cutters, said shaft and nut bearingalternately against the abutment, substantially as set forth.

17. The combination of the frame, the cutters, the nut, the abutmentseparate from the nut and mounted independently of the frame and bearingagainst the frame when the cutters are at work, and theoppositely-projecting extensible sprags connected at their ends to saidabutments and adapted to be driven into the roof and floor of the mine,substantially as set forth.

18. In a mining-machine, the combination,

with the main frame and the cutting appawith the main frame and thecutting apparatus, of the movable abutment behind said frame, againstwhich said frame and cutting apparatus alternately bear, sprags hingedon opposite sides of said abutment and projecting outwardly therefrom,telescopic screws secured in the outer ends of said sprags for forcingsaidsprags into engagement with the adjacent walls, and hand-wheels forturning said screws, substantially as set forth.

20. The combination, with a main frame and the rotary cutter-shaftprojecting rearward from said frame, of an abutment, as at Y, mountedloosely on said shaft and abutting against said main frame and saidshaft alternately, sprags hinged to said abutment, and

telescopic screws for forcing said sprags apart and into apertures inthe walls of the heading, substantially as set forth.

21. The combination, with a main frame and the rotary cutter-shaftprojecting rearward from said frame, of an abutment mounted;

set forth.

22. The combination, with the main frame and the cutting apparatusadapted to be alternately made stationary and each adapted to beadvanced relatively to the other while the latter is stationary, of thenut mounted in the frame and the movable abutment behind the machine,against which the main frame and the cutting apparatus alternately bear,substantially as set forth.

23. The combination, with the main frame and the rotary cutter-shaftadapted to be alternately made stationary and each adapted to beadvanced relatively to the other when the latter is in rotation, and thenut secured on the frame, of the movable abutment on said rotary shaft,against which the main frame and the rotary cutter-shaft bear altertheframe and adapted to be extendedover the machine, substantially as setforth.

25. I11 a tunneling-machine, the combination of the main frame, thecutting apparatus,

press the shields against the sides of the tun- 10 the gearing, andshields hinged to the frame ne], substantially as set forth.

and adapted to be extended over the machine, substantially as set forth.

26. In a tunneling-machine, the combination of the main frame, thecutting apparatus, the gearing, shields secured to the frame andextending over the machine, and extensible stays secured to the frameand adapted to In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence oftwo witnesses.

REGINALD STANLEY. Witnesses:

WILLIAM BRAMLEY, FRED FELLOWEs WIGGINS.

